What is Stack and Heap memory?

Stack and Heap are two types of memory used in programming, particularly in languages like C and C++.

1. Stack Memory:

   • Stack memory is used for static memory allocation.
   • It involves the allocation of memory at compile time, before the associated program is run.
   • Memory is organized in a LIFO (Last In First Out) order. It means the block of memory that was allocated last will be deallocated first.
   • Stack memory is automatically managed by the compiler.
   • It's faster to allocate in comparison to heap memory.
   • Stack memory is limited. Exceeding the stack limit could result in a program crash.

2. Heap Memory:

   • Heap memory is used for dynamic memory allocation.
   • It involves the allocation of memory at runtime, while the associated program is running.
   • Memory organization doesn't follow any specific order.
   • Heap memory is managed by the programmer. It's necessary to handle the deallocation of memory to avoid memory leaks.
   • It's slower to allocate in comparison to stack memory.
   • Heap memory is larger and only limited by the size of the addressable memory.

In summary, stack and heap memory serve different purposes and have different properties. Stack memory is used for static memory allocation and is managed by the compiler, while heap memory is used for dynamic memory allocation and must be managed by the programmer.