With the use of examples, distinguish between positive and negative symptoms ofschizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder characterized by a range of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional dysfunctions. The symptoms of schizophrenia are typically divided into two categories: positive and negative.

Positive symptoms are those that most individuals do not normally experience but are present in people with schizophrenia. They can include hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders, and movement disorders.

For example, a person with schizophrenia might hear voices that others do not hear (hallucinations), or they might believe that others are reading their minds or controlling their thoughts (delusions). Thought disorders might be evident in the way a person talks, with their speech being disorganized or hard to follow. Movement disorders might manifest as agitated body movements.

Negative symptoms are associated with disruptions to normal emotions and behaviors, and they often include 'flat affect' (reduced expression of emotions), reduction in feelings of pleasure in everyday life, difficulty beginning and sustaining activities, and reduced speaking.

For instance, a person with schizophrenia might speak in a dull, monotonous voice, showing little change in facial expressions (flat affect). They might lack the ability to plan or carry out activities, such as maintaining proper personal hygiene (alogia). They might also speak less, even when forced to interact (avolition).

In summary, positive symptoms are characterized by the presence of abnormal behaviors, while negative symptoms are characterized by the absence of normal behaviors. Both types of symptoms can significantly impact a person's quality of life.