1. (15 marks) One of the approaches below is ”secure”. For each approach, state Secure or Insecure, and explain why that approach does or does not achieve the two desired notions of confidentiality described above.

(15 marks) One of the approaches below is ”secure”. For each approach, state Secure or Insecure, and explain why that approach does or does not achieve the two desired notions of confidentiality described above. (a) Aldebaran computes c = Enc(pkB , m) and broadcasts (pkB , c). Borealis observes the broadcast containing their public key and obtains the message as m = Dec(skB , c).

Which of the following best describes the concept of confidentiality in computer security?a.Ensuring that data is accurate, consistent, and reliableb.Ensuring that data is not modified or tampered with during transmissionc.Ensuring that data is not disclosed to unauthorized individuals or entitiesd.Ensuring that data is always available and accessible

What are two methods that ensure confidentiality? (Choose two.)Select one or more:encryptionintegrityauthenticationavailabilityauthorizationnonrepudiation

Question 4Which statement best describes Authentication?1 pointAssurance that a resource can be accessed and usedProtection against denial by one of the parties in communicationAssurance that the communicating entity is the one claimedPrevention of unauthorized use of a resource5.Question 5Trusted functionality, security labels, event detection, security audit trails and security recovery are all examples of which type of security mechanism?1 pointContingent security mechanismExternal security mechanismActive security mechanismPassive security mechanism

Which of the following elements of cryptography assures the trustworthiness of data and resources in terms of preventing improper and unauthorized changes?Group of answer choicesNonrepudiationIntegrityConfidentialityAuthentication